Secure passcode entry using mobile device with augmented reality capability

ABSTRACT

Secure passcode entry using a mobile device having augmented reality capability. The mobile device is registered with an authorization server to register an agreed input display algorithm with an initialization seed, and a user passcode is registered with the authorization server. A superset of options is obtained from an input interface device at which a user passcode is to be entered. The superset of options is processed using the input display algorithm and initialization seed to result in an arrangement of characters including the characters of a registered user passcode. The arrangement of characters is overlaid using the augmented reality capability of the mobile device in relation to an input interface of the input interface device.

PRIOR FOREIGN APPLICATION

This application claims priority from United Kingdom (GB) patentapplication number 1419252.0, filed Oct. 29, 2014, which is herebyincorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

One or more aspects relate to the field of secure passcode entry using amobile device with augmented reality capability. In particular, one ormore aspects relate to secure passcode entry using a mobile device forentering the passcode at a terminal.

Wearable devices in the form of headsets, for example, Google Glass(Google and Google Glass are trademarks of Google, Inc.) are known whichenable an augmented reality (AR) display. Mobile phone devices with acamera may also be used as an augmented reality device by overlaying anaugmented reality display on the screen of the mobile phone device.

In AR pin code security, a PIN entry device is needed to be specificallypaired with the AR capable device. This may use a traditional pairing byexchanging some information or holding down a button; however, this iscumbersome for the user.

Current solutions for pairing involve making one device discoverable,selecting that device on the other, and then checking that theconfirmation codes match to make sure there is not someone else tryingto interfere with the pairing. This is quite good for security if userscheck the codes carefully. In practice, the inconvenience of checkingthe codes prevents people from checking and reduces the security. Thiscan be a significant problem in a financial situation where there couldbe big rewards for attackers.

PIN authentication using AR devices is known in which a random or blankkeypad is displayed to a user for entry of a PIN. Due to the pairing ofthe AR device with a host device of the keypad, the AR device and thehost device know the keypad arrangement without this being displayed.

However, there remain security concerns due to the possible interceptionof data transfer between the host device and the AR device. Also,existing methods require a wireless data transfer communication duringthe PIN authentication which limits the applicability of sucharrangements.

SUMMARY

An improved method of secure passcode entry, especially for cash pointsand chip and pin devices.

Shortcomings of the prior art are overcome and additional advantages areprovided through the provision of a computer-implemented method ofsecure passcode entry using a mobile device having augmented realitycapability. The method includes registering the mobile device with anauthorization server to register an agreed input display algorithm withan initialization seed and wherein a user passcode is registered withthe authorization server; obtaining a superset of options from an inputinterface device at which the user passcode is to be entered; processingthe superset of options using the input display algorithm andinitialization seed to result in an arrangement of characters includingcharacters of the registered user passcode; and overlaying thearrangement of characters using the augmented reality capability of themobile device in relation to an input interface of the input interfacedevice.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The subject matter regarded as aspects of the invention is particularlypointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of thespecification. Aspects of the invention, both as to organization andmethod of operation, together with objects, features, and advantagesthereof, may best be understood by reference to the following detaileddescription when read with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way ofexample only, with reference to the following drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example embodiment of a system inaccordance with an aspect of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a swim-lane flow diagram of an example embodiment of a methodin accordance with an aspect of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of an example embodiment of an aspect of amethod in accordance with an aspect of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of an example embodiment of another aspect of amethod in accordance with an aspect of the present invention;

FIGS. 5A-5C are schematic diagrams of example embodiments of optionprocessing in accordance with an aspect of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is block diagram of an example embodiment of a system inaccordance with an aspect of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a computer system in whichan aspect of the present invention may be implemented; and

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a communication device inwhich an aspect of the present invention may be implemented.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are setforth in order to provide a thorough understanding of aspects of theinvention. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the artthat aspects of the present invention may be practiced without thesespecific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures,and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscureaspects of the present invention.

A method and system are provided for secure passcode entry using amobile device. At the point of passcode entry, the user mobile devicehaving augmented reality (AR) capability is supplied with a superset ofoptions, far in excess of the number of options that the input device iscapable of supporting. These options are filtered and merged, thenoverlaid on the input device using the AR capability. Such animplementation does not require a wireless link with the input interfacedevice.

Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic diagram 100 illustrates one example ofthe described system.

A user 101 has an AR device 110 in the form of a mobile device that mayanalyze acquired images of the environment and overlay information usingan overlay module 111 to provide the information in the perspective ofthe user, superimposed on designated locations. The AR device 110 may bein the form of a wearable device, such as glasses having ARcapabilities, or may be a mobile phone device having a camera providingan AR capability, or may be another form of device which can provide ARprocessing and overlay displayable to the user 101.

An input interface device 120 may be provided for receiving an inputfrom the user 101 entered into an input interface 121. The inputinterface device 120 may be, for example, a point of sale (POS) device,an automatic teller machine (ATM), or other device having an inputcapability for receiving a passcode or PIN. For example, in modernpayment transactions, a POS may be a merchant's mobile phone device anda PIN may be required to be entered onto a touch screen of the mobilephone device in order to confirm a payment.

It is assumed that the user 101 has a passcode, for example, a personalidentification number (PIN) or password, known only to themselves andthe authorizing entity of their transaction. The term PIN is used inthis description and may be a numerical PIN or an alphanumerical PIN.

The input interface device 120 may be linked to an authorization server130 of the authorizing entity which may control access to transactionsonce a passcode or PIN has been entered via the input interface device120 and verified by the authorization server 130 against a registeredpasscode or PIN 135 of the user. The authorization server 130 may belocal to or remote from the input interface device 120 and maycommunicate with the input interface device 120 via a network or otherform of communication connection.

The AR device 110 is paired in a secure manner as a one off-instancewith the authorizing server 130 for an input interface device 120.During this pairing, an algorithm 113, 133 is initialized with a uniqueseed 114, 134 for the user, such that this algorithm may be used touniquely specify:

-   -   A required subset from a superset of options.    -   An optional merging of subset items to form compound selections.

The form of the subset selection and merging may take many differentforms and examples are given below.

This unique processing is known by the AR device 110 and the authorizingserver 130 for the transaction only. This algorithm may be static, inthat the same subset and pairings are made upon each use, or dynamic inthat different subsets and pairings are created at each interactioninstance.

The AR device 110 may include an input display generating component 112and the authorization server 130 may include a corresponding inputdisplay processing component 132. The input display generating component112 of the AR device 110 may generate an input display as overlaid bythe overlay module 111 based on the algorithm 113 and the seed value114.

The input display processing component 132 or the authorization server130 may generate a corresponding input display using the algorithm 133and seed value 134 in order to determine the input made by the user ofthe AR device 110 into the input interface device 120.

Referring to FIG. 2, a swim-lane flow diagram 200 shows an exampleembodiment of the described method operating at a user's AR device 110,an input interface device 120 and an authorizing server 130.

A registration procedure is carried out between a user of the AR device110 and the authorizing server 130 in which an algorithm with a uniqueseed is agreed 201, 202 between the AR device 110 and the server 130.The algorithm may be static or dynamic for each authorization of theuser of the AR device 110 at the server 130. The passcode or PIN is alsoregistered 203 with the server 130 and stored 204 with reference to theuser at the server 130.

At the time of a transaction, the user or a merchant may activate 211 asession at the input interface device 120 including an identifier of theAR device 110 or user. This activation may be by various methods. Forexample, in an ATM scenario a user may insert their payment card into anATM. Similarly, at a POS device, a payment card may be inserted.However, in other scenarios, a card may not be present and a session maybe activated for a cardless transaction, for example, using a mobile ordigital wallet.

The authorizing server 130 may be notified 212, 213 by the inputinterface device 120 of the activation of a session together with areference to the AR device 110 or user in order for the authorizingserver 130 to access the registered algorithm and seed for the user andthe stored passcode or PIN.

This notification 212, 213 may include details of the input interface ofthe input interface device, in particular a number of input options.This is because a user may input his passcode or PIN into differentforms of input interface which have different display capabilities. Forexample, a standard keypad may only have 10 input options for numericaldigits, whereas a touch screen display may be capable of accommodatingmany more input options which may be used for alphanumeric inputs.

The authorizing server 130 may generate and provide 214 a superset ofoptions to the input interface device 120. The input interface device120 may receive 215 the superset of options and may communicate 216 thesuperset of options to the AR device 110.

In one embodiment, a wireless communication channel may be used tocommunicate the superset of options to the AR device 110. If a wirelesscommunication channel is used, the communication channel may bediscontinued after the communication of the superset of options. Even ifthis data stream is intercepted, it would not be possible to generatethe correct options without knowledge of the registered algorithm andseed.

In another embodiment, this may be by displaying the superset of optionson a display of the input interface device 120 which means that nowireless communication is required between the AR device 110 and theinput interface device 120. The superset of options may be displayedwithin a designated area. The displayed items do not relate to humanreadable items, but may be simple markers or QR (Quick Response) codesthat may be easily parsed and related to ‘options’. Using simple QRcodes, it is possible to reliably extract this information. Even thoughthese options would be visible to a third party, it would not bepossible to generate the correct filtered and compound options withoutknowledge of the registered algorithm and seed.

Once the superset of options is available 217 to the AR device 110, itextracts 218 the subset, optionally performs a merging or combining 219of the subset or mapping of the subset, to create a final set ofoptions, which are ordered or placed 220 in reference, via the ARcapability, to the input interface device 120.

In one embodiment, the AR device 110 performs these steps in thefollowing way:

-   -   Based on the total number of provided options, extract a subset.        The subset is extracted 218 in a pseudo-random order, determined        by the initial registration. The more options that are        available, the greater the resulting subset size.    -   Based upon the subset size, a merging 219 is performed as a        pseudo-random merging of subset items based on the initial        registration. The merging is pseudo-random in that more than two        options may be merged, not all options are merged and merging        does not progress as a linear traversal of all options (i.e. do        not simply “skip a few”).    -   This final subset is pseudo-randomly ordered 220, and within it,        contains elements that comprise the user PIN or passcode (if        alphanumeric values are enabled). Additionally, it is possible        to generate a variable number of final options that may be        presented to the user in order to perform the authorization.

These final options are overlaid 221 on the input interface device 120,whereby the user may select the entries that correspond to theirpasscode or PIN at the input interface device 120. Upon passcode or PINinput, the sequence and location of the inputs are received 222 by theinput interface device 120. The display at the input interface may beblank or may have random digits displayed, so the sequence and locationof the inputs made is determined and sent to the authorization server130. The authorization server 130 verifies 223 the sequence and locationof the inputs with the sequence and location of the registered PIN orpasscode as it would be applied to a corresponding composite characterorder generated 233 at the authorization server 130.

The verification is performed at the authorization server 130 by theauthorization server 130 carrying out steps 231-233 which correspond tosteps 218-220 to determine the inputs entered at the input interfacedevice 120.

The authorization server 130 may notify 224 the input interface device120 of an acceptance or decline of the passcode or PIN whichnotification may be displayed 225 at the input interface device 120.

On physical PIN entry systems such as keypads, the number of optionsthat may be generated are limited, but will benefit from a pseudo-randomordering of the overlay.

On next-generation, or online, PIN entry systems, the user may bepresented with an enhanced range of options directly related to theavailable “real estate” available to place selections. In this instanceit is possible to use the presented system to present a larger number ofoptions in a pseudo-random order. This is an innate ability of thefiltering and pairing algorithm.

Referring to FIG. 3, a flow diagram 300 shows an aspect of the describedmethod as performed at an AR device 110.

An AR device 110 is registered 301 at an authorization server 130 for auser 101 and the registration includes the AR device 110 receiving orhaving specified 302 an algorithm and initialization seed.

When a user wishes to activate a session with an input interface device120, the AR device 110 obtains 303 a superset of options from the inputinterface device 120. This may be obtained via a wireless network linkto the input interface device 120 or by the AR device 110 capturing asuperset of options displayed at the input interface device 120 using acamera or scanner or the AR device 110.

The AR device 110 may also obtain details of the input interfacearrangement of the input interface device 120 in order to determine therequired arrangement for presentation of its overlay.

The superset of options may then be processed 304 according to thespecified algorithm and initialization seed and including the followingsteps. The processing may be carried out without any communication withthe input interface device 120 or the authorization server 130.

The steps of the processing 304 may vary and in this embodiment include:extracting or filtering 305 a subset of options from the superset ofoptions; merging 306 characters corresponding to the subset of optionsto form a set of composite characters, wherein the set of compositecharacters includes the characters of a registered user passcode; andordering 307 the composite characters in an arrangement for presentationto a user.

The AR device 110 may then overlay 308 the arrangement of charactersusing the augmented reality capability of the AR device in relation toan input interface of the input interface device 120.

Referring to FIG. 4, a flow diagram 400 shows an aspect of the describedmethod as performed at an authorization server 130.

A user 101 and AR device 110 are registered 401 at the authorizationserver 130 including registering 402 a passcode for the user 101 andspecifying 403 an algorithm and initialization seed for the AR device110.

When a user 101 wishes to activate a session with an input interfacedevice 120, the authorization server 130 receives notification 404 of anew session and the identity of the registered user. The notificationmay also include details of the input interface arrangement of the inputinterface device 120 in order to determine the required arrangement forinput of a passcode.

The authorization server 130 may generate and provide 405 a superset ofoptions to the input interface device 120.

The superset of options may then be processed 406 according to thespecified algorithm and initialization seed and including the followingsteps. The processing corresponds to the processing carried out at theAR device 110.

The steps of the processing 406 in one embodiment may include:extracting or filtering 407 a subset of options from the superset ofoptions; merging 408 characters corresponding to the subset of optionsto form a set of composite characters, wherein the set of compositecharacters includes the characters of a registered user passcode; andordering 409 the final characters in an arrangement.

The authorization server 130 may receive 410 a sequence and location ofinputs as received by the input interface device 120 in relation to theinput interface arrangement of the input interface device 120.

The received sequence and location of inputs are verified 411 againstthe known registered passcode of the user at the authorization server130.

The described method provides the availability of more options than atraditional keypad may be capable of showing. For instance, a‘traditional’ keypad for PIN entry may provide 10 keys for a user toinput their numeric PIN, the described method proposes the supply of thedevice far in excess of this number (e.g., 1000). These provided optionsare filtered based upon a pairing that has been performed on a one-offinstance within a secure environment.

The filtered options are still in excess of that supported by the inputinterface device. This filtered subset of options are super-imposed toprovide a final set of compound options; this superposition may also bebased upon an algorithm initialized at the initial pairing. Once allsuper-impositions are complete, the resulting set is suitable to use forPIN authorization. This final subset still contains items that are notpart of the final user PIN. The ability of alphanumeric items to be usedas a PIN is availed. The ability to generate a variable number of useroptions, based upon the entry system being used, is availed.

Only the AR device and the authorization server know the pairing andhence the unique filter required to extract the subset and form thefinal compound keys. With the provision of so many possible options, andvariations on the combination between these options, the possiblecompound combinations available are ‘many’. Only the human knows theactual “final” PIN that is required for authorization once the compoundset has been created and can be selected from the final subset ofcompound options.

A variable security level may be provided that can automatically scalebased upon the input device being used. For example, the screenresolution of an ATM is not very high and therefore there is a limitedscope to display codes. However, a high resolution screen of a PC mayenable the display of a large number of entities or options due to thepixels available. Additionally, the activity being carried out maydictate the level of security required. For example, accessing emailsrequires a lower level of security and therefore a smaller number ofoptions shown compared to logging into a bank account which requires ahigh level of security and therefore a large number of options.

Referring to FIGS. 5A and 5B, schematic diagrams 500, 550 illustrate twoembodiments as examples of the processing of the provided superset ofoptions obtained from the input interface device. As it will beappreciated, there are many different variations on how this may becarried out. The described processing may be carried out at the ARdevice 110 using the registered algorithm and seed value. Acorresponding processing may be carried out at the authorization server130 using the registered algorithm and seed value.

In these two embodiments, the superset of options is provided as a setof markers or codes 510, 560 as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. Other forms oficons or graphical representations may be used. The superset of options510 may be provided by the authorization device 130 and communicated bythe input interface device 120 to the AR device 110 and hence the user101. In this embodiment, the superset of options 510 are shown asmarkers in the form of 4×4 block arrays which are not human readable andtherefore may be displayed by the input interface device 120.

In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5A, each marker 510 represents acomponent of part of a character in the form of a digital number orletter. There may be a one to one mapping of a marker to a component.The form of the components is described further in relation to FIG. 5C.

A subset 520 is selected by the pseudo-random process and the markers ofthe subset 520 are mapped to components 530, 531, 532, 533 of a digitalnumber or letter shape. The mapped component 531, 532, 533 are thenmerged or combined to result in a final character 540 for display.

The steps may be repeated to extract a total number of final characters540 which results in the complete set of integer or letter characters.The characters 540 are then pseudo-randomly ordered for display andinput using the AR overlay. The characters of the user's PIN or passcodewill be within the displayed characters.

FIG. 5C shows some possible examples of the components 530 of a digitalnumber or letter shaped. Single edge components 590 of a digital numberor letter shape may be used. Optionally, partial edges may be used toincrease the number of components. There may also be compound components595 of more than one edge or partial edge. The compound components 595shown in FIG. 5C are a small example set of the possible compoundcomponents.

Additional permutations can be obtained by applying rules to thecombination or merging of the components. For example, repeatedcomponents may cancel out. An example of this is the first two compoundcomponents 596 and 597 would merge to result in the third compoundcomponent 598, since the central horizontal component cancels out. Thiscomponent may be added from component 591 of the single components toresult in three horizontal bars that constitute part of the integer 8.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5B, markers 550 may besuperimposed themselves to result in a final marker which may identify aunique artifact such as a numeric or letter character 580. Depending onthe resolution available and if superimposing rules are also appliedsuch as “remove repeated locations”, the permutations available are verygreat.

In the second embodiment, there may be a one to one mapping of markersto complete characters (integers or letters). A pseudo-random set 570may be extracted from a superset 560 of markers. The ordering of theextracted set 570 is known. The extracted set may be overlaid on aninput device and the user may see the characters 580 being overlaid onthe input device due to the AR capability. The user may then interactwith the input device to select the character of his PIN or passcode.

Referring to FIG. 6, a block diagram shows an example embodiment of thedescribed system 600 including an AR device 110, an input interfacedevice 120, and an authorization server 130.

An AR device 110 is provided as described in relation to FIG. 1including an input display generating component 112. The input displaygenerating component 112 may include a registering component 610 forregistering the AR device 110 with an authorization server 130 andobtaining and storing an algorithm 113 and initialization seed 114 foruse by a superset processing component 613.

The input display generating component 112 may include a supersetobtaining component 612 for obtaining a superset of options for inputfrom an input interface device 120. The superset processing component613 may include an extracting component 614, an optional mergingcomponent 615, and an arrangement component 616 for carrying out thefunctionality as described in relation to FIGS. 2 and 3.

A superset processing component 613 may process the obtained superset ofoptions to obtain an overlay of input options in an arrangement to beprovided by an overlay component 617 and applied by an overlay module111 of an AR capability of the AR device 110.

An authorization server 130 is provided as described in relation to FIG.1 including an input display processing component 132. The input displayprocessing component 132 may include a registering component 630 forregistering the user 101 and AR device 110 and specifying an algorithm133 and initialization seed 134 for use by a superset processingcomponent 633 at the authorization server 130. The registering component630 may also register a passcode or PIN 135 for the user.

The input display generating component 132 of the authorization server130 may include a superset providing component 632 for generating andproviding a superset of options for input at an input interface device120.

A superset processing component 633 may process the generated supersetof options in a manner corresponding to the superset processingcomponent 613 of the AR device 110 to obtain an arrangement of inputoptions. The superset processing component 633 may include an extractingcomponent 634, an optional merging component 635 and an arrangementcomponent 636 for carrying out the functionality as described inrelation to FIGS. 2 and 4.

The input display processing component 132 may include an inputreceiving component 637 for receiving a sequence and location of inputsreceived at the input interface device 110 and a verifying component 638for verifying the inputs against the registered passcode or PIN 135.

Referring to FIG. 7, an example system for implementing aspects of theinvention such as the authorization server includes a data processingsystem 700 suitable for storing and/or executing program code includingat least one processor 701 coupled directly or indirectly to memoryelements through a bus system 703. The memory elements may include localmemory employed during actual execution of the program code, bulkstorage, and cache memories which provide temporary storage of at leastsome program code in order to reduce the number of times code is to beretrieved from bulk storage during execution.

The memory elements may include system memory 702 in the form of readonly memory (ROM) 704 and random access memory (RAM) 705. A basicinput/output system (BIOS) 706 may be stored in ROM 704. Software 707may be stored in RAM 705 including system software 708 such as operatingsystem software 709. Software applications 710 may also be stored in RAM705.

The system 700 may also include a primary storage means 711 such as amagnetic hard disk drive and secondary storage means 712 such as amagnetic disc drive and an optical disc drive. The drives and theirassociated computer-readable media provide non-volatile storage ofcomputer-executable instructions, data structures, program modules andother data for the system 700. Software applications may be stored onthe primary and secondary storage means 711, 712 as well as the systemmemory 702.

The computing system 700 may operate in a networked environment usinglogical connections to one or more remote computers via a networkadapter 716.

Input/output devices 713 may be coupled to the system either directly orthrough intervening I/O controllers. A user may enter commands andinformation into the system 700 through input devices such as akeyboard, pointing device, or other input devices (for example,microphone, joy stick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or the like).Output devices may include speakers, printers, etc. A display device 714is also connected to system bus 703 via an interface, such as videoadapter 715.

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a communication device 800 that may beused in embodiments of the disclosure, for example as an AR device or asan input interface device. The communication device 800 may be a cellphone, a feature phone, a smart phone, a satellite phone, or a computingdevice having a phone capability, including a wearable device such asglasses, watches, etc.

The communication device 800 may include a processor 805 (e.g., amicroprocessor) for processing the functions of the communication device800 and a display 820 to allow a user to see the phone numbers and otherinformation and messages. The communication device 800 may furtherinclude an input element 825 to allow a user to input information intothe device (e.g., input buttons, touch screen, etc.), a speaker 830 toallow the user to hear voice communication, music, etc., and amicrophone 835 to allow the user to transmit his or her voice throughthe communication device 800.

The processor 805 of the communication device 800 may connect to amemory 815. The memory 815 may be in the form of a computer-readablemedium that stores data and, optionally, computer-executableinstructions.

The communication device 800 may also include a communication element840 for connection to communication channels (e.g., a cellular telephonenetwork, data transmission network, Wi-Fi network, satellite-phonenetwork, Internet network, Satellite Internet Network, etc.). Thecommunication element 840 may include an associated wireless transferelement, such as an antenna.

The communication element 840 may include a subscriber identity module(SIM) in the form of an integrated circuit that stores an internationalmobile subscriber identity and the related key used to identify andauthenticate a subscriber using the communication device 800. One ormore subscriber identity modules may be removable from the communicationdevice 800 or embedded in the communication device 800.

The communication device 800 may further include a contactless element850, which is typically implemented in the form of a semiconductor chip(or other data storage element) with an associated wireless transferelement, such as an antenna. The contactless element 850 may beassociated with (e.g., embedded within) the communication device 800 anddata or control instructions transmitted via a cellular network may beapplied to the contactless element 850 by means of a contactless elementinterface (not shown). The contactless element interface may function topermit the exchange of data and/or control instructions between mobiledevice circuitry (and hence the cellular network) and the contactlesselement 850.

The contactless element 850 may be capable of transferring and receivingdata using a near field communications (NFC) capability (or near fieldcommunications medium) typically in accordance with a standardizedprotocol or data transfer mechanism (e.g., ISO 14443/NFC). Near fieldcommunications capability is a short-range communications capability,such as radio-frequency identification (RFID), Bluetooth, infra-red, orother data transfer capability that can be used to exchange data betweenthe communication device 800 and an interrogation device. Thus, thecommunication device 800 may be capable of communicating andtransferring data and/or control instructions via both a cellularnetwork and near field communications capability.

The data stored in the memory 815 may include: operation data relatingto the operation of the communication device 800, personal data (e.g.,name, date of birth, identification number, etc.), financial data (e.g.,bank account information, a bank identification number (BIN), credit ordebit card number information, account balance information, expirationdate, loyalty provider account numbers, etc.), transit information(e.g., as in a subway or train pass), access information (e.g., as inaccess badges), etc. A user may transmit this data from thecommunication device 800 to selected receivers.

The communication device 800 may be, amongst other things, anotification device that can receive alert messages and access reports,a portable merchant device that can be used to transmit control dataidentifying a discount to be applied, as well as a portable consumerdevice that can be used to make payments.

Aspects of the described method and system provide convenience and lessfriction for the user. The user does not have to provide or wield atouchscreen or cursor mechanism personal to them; the shared inputdevice can be mounted in a convenient place. This provides benefits formobility impaired people, as well as speeding up the process which wouldbe especially valuable in high throughput areas such as ticketmachines/ticket barriers and ATMs. It would also be more intuitive foryoung or inexperienced users. The described method also has advantagesfor wearable devices such AR glasses where direct input to the glassesis difficult.

Aspects of the described method and system also provide protection. Withthe system, the user is to be physically at the device to pair. Thismeans all users in range have the ability to pair, but the userphysically there has priority by their physical presence. Once they havepaired, the pairing is confirmed until they either complete theinteraction or cancel. In prior art systems, another user in the areacould cause a denial of service by either jumping in first and pairingwith the device from a distance, or “steal” the pairing after thelegitimate user has paired. For the described system, a person wouldhave to physically barge in to use the input device, which would beobvious to everyone. Although this would not necessarily cause any lossof information if there was a following authentication step, it would beinconvenient and amount to a denial of service attack.

Aspects of the described method and system enable prevention ofunsolicited connections. To pair, for example, with a user's phone,someone would have to physically press something on it. Just seeing itwould not be enough. This would prevent bluejacking style attacks if aphone is left visible in a public place. The person would have tophysically interact with the phone to pair with it.

As described herein, according to one aspect of the present invention,there is provided a method for secure passcode entry using a mobiledevice having augmented reality capability, comprising: registering themobile device with an authorization server to register an agreed inputdisplay algorithm with an initialization seed and wherein a userpasscode is registered with the authorization server; obtaining asuperset of options from an input interface device at which a userpasscode is to be entered; processing the superset of options using theinput display algorithm and initialization seed to result in anarrangement of characters including the characters of a registered userpasscode; and overlaying the arrangement of characters using theaugmented reality capability of the mobile device in relation to aninput interface of the input interface device.

In one embodiment, the processing of the superset of options mayinclude: extracting a subset of options from the superset of options;merging characters corresponding to the subset of options to form a setof composite characters, wherein the set of composite charactersincludes the characters of a registered user passcode; and ordering thecomposite characters in an arrangement for presentation to a user.

In another embodiment, the processing of the superset of options mayinclude: extracting a subset of options from the superset of options,wherein an option corresponds to a character and wherein the subsetincludes the characters of a registered user passcode; and ordering thecharacters in an arrangement for presentation to a user.

Obtaining a superset of options from the input interface device may beby communication over a wireless communication network. Alternatively,obtaining a superset of options from the input interface device may beby display of the superset of options at the input interface device.

Processing the superset of options using the input display algorithm andinitialization seed may be carried out offline from the input interfacedevice.

The obtaining a superset of options, processing the superset of options,and overlaying the arrangement of composite characters may be carriedout for each new transaction with an input interface device.

Obtaining a superset of options may obtain a different superset ofoptions for each new transaction with an input interface device.

The input display algorithm may be a dynamic algorithm and/or aninitialization seed which changes with each new transaction with aninput interface device.

The method may also include obtaining details of the input interfacearrangement of the input interface device in order to determine therequired arrangement for presentation of the composite characters.

The characters may be in the form of numerical or alphanumericalcharacters. In some embodiments, the characters may be digitalcharacters formed of line components.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provideda system for secure passcode entry comprising a mobile device havingaugmented reality capability, wherein the mobile device comprises: aregistering component for registering the mobile device with anauthorization server to register an agreed input display algorithm withan initialization seed and wherein a user passcode is registered withthe authorization server; a superset obtaining component for obtaining asuperset of options from an input interface device at which a userpasscode is to be entered; a superset processing component forprocessing the superset of options using the input display algorithm andinitialization seed to result in an arrangement of characters includingthe characters of a registered user passcode; and an overlay componentfor overlaying the arrangement of characters using the augmented realitycapability of the mobile device in relation to an input interface of theinput interface device.

In one embodiment, the superset processing component may include: anextracting component for extracting a subset of options from thesuperset of options; a merging component for merging characterscorresponding to the subset of options to form a set of compositecharacters, wherein the set of composite characters includes thecharacters of a registered user passcode; and an arrangement componentfor ordering the composite characters in an arrangement for presentationto a user.

In another embodiment, the superset processing component may include: anextracting component for extracting a subset of options from thesuperset of options wherein an option corresponds to a character andwherein the subset includes the characters of a registered userpasscode; and an arrangement component for ordering the characters in anarrangement for presentation to a user.

The superset obtaining component for obtaining a superset of optionsfrom the input interface device may use a wireless communicationnetwork. Alternatively, the superset obtaining component for obtaining asuperset of options from the input interface device may include adisplay reading component for reading a display of the superset ofoptions at the input interface device.

The superset processing component for processing the superset of optionsusing the input display algorithm and initialization seed may be carriedout offline from the input interface device.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a computer program stored on a computer readable medium andloadable into the internal memory of a digital computer, comprisingsoftware code portions, when said program is run on a computer, forperforming the method of one aspect of the invention.

According to yet a further aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a method for verifying a secure passcode entry carried out atan authorization server, wherein the secure passcode entry uses a mobiledevice having augmented reality capability, comprising: registering auser with a user passcode; registering a mobile device of a user toregister an agreed input display algorithm with an initialization seed;receiving notification of a new session for a registered user;generating and providing a superset of options to an input interfacedevice at which a user passcode is to be entered; processing thesuperset of options using the input display algorithm and initializationseed to result in an arrangement of characters including the charactersof a registered user passcode; receiving a sequence and location ofinputs from the input interface device as input by the user; andverifying the received sequence and location of inputs with thearrangement of characters as it would be presented to a user.

Generating and providing a superset of options may obtain a differentsuperset of options for each new transaction with an input interfacedevice.

The input display algorithm may be a dynamic algorithm and/orinitialization seed which changes with each new transaction with aninput interface device.

The method may also include receiving details of the input interfacearrangement of the input interface device in order to determine therequired arrangement for presentation of the composite characters.

According to a another aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a system for verifying a secure passcode entry including anauthorization server, wherein the secure passcode entry uses a mobiledevice having augmented reality capability, the authorization servercomprising: a registering component for registering a user with a userpasscode and registering a mobile device of a user to register an agreedinput display algorithm with an initialization seed; a sessionactivation component for receiving notification of a new session for aregistered user; a superset providing component for generating andproviding a superset of options to an input interface device at which auser passcode is to be entered; a superset processing component forprocessing the superset of options using the input display algorithm andinitialization seed to result in an arrangement of characters includingthe characters of a registered user passcode; an input receivingcomponent for receiving a sequence and location of inputs from the inputinterface device as input by the user; and a verifying component forverifying the received sequence and location of inputs with thearrangement of characters as it would be presented to a user.

According to a yet further aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a computer program stored on a computer readable medium andloadable into the internal memory of a digital computer, comprisingsoftware code portions, when said program is run on a computer, forperforming the method of the further aspect of the invention.

According to an even further aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a method substantially as described with reference to thefigures.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a system substantially as described with reference to thefigures.

The described aspects of the invention enable secure passcode entry withor without a wireless data transfer communication during the passcodeentry.

Aspects of the present invention may be a system, a method, and/or acomputer program product. The computer program product may include acomputer readable storage medium (or media) having computer readableprogram instructions thereon for causing a processor to carry outaspects of the present invention.

The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that canretain and store instructions for use by an instruction executiondevice. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but isnot limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device,an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, asemiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of thecomputer readable storage medium includes the following: a portablecomputer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), aread-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMor Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portablecompact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD),a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such aspunch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructionsrecorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Acomputer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construedas being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freelypropagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagatingthrough a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulsespassing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmittedthrough a wire.

Computer readable program instructions described herein can bedownloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computerreadable storage medium or to an external computer or external storagedevice via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, awide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may comprisecopper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wirelesstransmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/oredge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in eachcomputing/processing device receives computer readable programinstructions from the network and forwards the computer readable programinstructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium withinthe respective computing/processing device.

Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations ofaspects of the present invention may be assembler instructions,instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions,machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions,state-setting data, or either source code or object code written in anycombination of one or more programming languages, including an objectoriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++ or the like, andconventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C”programming language or similar programming languages. The computerreadable program instructions may execute entirely on the user'scomputer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone softwarepackage, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computeror entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario,the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through anytype of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide areanetwork (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer(for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including, for example,programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), orprogrammable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer readableprogram instructions by utilizing state information of the computerreadable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry,in order to perform aspects of the present invention.

Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference toflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus(systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of theinvention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented bycomputer readable program instructions.

These computer readable program instructions may be provided to aprocessor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, orother programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, suchthat the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computeror other programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructionsmay also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can directa computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or otherdevices to function in a particular manner, such that the computerreadable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises anarticle of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects ofthe function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram blockor blocks.

The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto acomputer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other deviceto cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer,other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computerimplemented process, such that the instructions which execute on thecomputer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement thefunctions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block orblocks.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods, and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portionof instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternativeimplementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of theorder noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in successionmay, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks maysometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon thefunctionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of theblock diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocksin the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implementedby special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specifiedfunctions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardwareand computer instructions.

Improvements and modifications can be made to the foregoing withoutdeparting from the scope of aspects of the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer-implemented method of secure passcodeentry using a mobile device having augmented reality capability,comprising: registering the mobile device with an authorization serverto register an agreed input display algorithm with an initializationseed and wherein a user passcode is registered with the authorizationserver; obtaining a superset of options from an input interface deviceat which the user passcode is to be entered; processing the superset ofoptions using the input display algorithm and initialization seed toresult in an arrangement of characters including characters of theregistered user passcode; and overlaying the arrangement of charactersusing the augmented reality capability of the mobile device in relationto an input interface of the input interface device.
 2. Thecomputer-implemented method as claimed in claim 1, wherein theprocessing the superset of options includes: extracting a subset ofoptions from the superset of options; merging characters correspondingto the subset of options to form a set of composite characters, whereinthe set of composite characters includes the characters of theregistered user passcode; and ordering the composite characters in anarrangement for presentation to a user.
 3. The computer-implementedmethod as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing the superset ofoptions includes: extracting a subset of options from the superset ofoptions, wherein an option corresponds to a character and wherein thesubset includes the characters of the registered user passcode; andordering the characters in an arrangement for presentation to a user. 4.The computer-implemented method as claimed in claim 1, wherein theobtaining the superset of options from the input interface device is bycommunication over a wireless communication network.
 5. Thecomputer-implemented method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the obtainingthe superset of options from the input interface device is by display ofthe superset of options at the input interface device.
 6. Thecomputer-implemented method as claimed in claim 1, wherein theprocessing the superset of options using the input display algorithm andinitialization seed is carried out offline from the input interfacedevice.
 7. The computer-implemented method as claimed in claim 1,wherein the obtaining the superset of options, the processing thesuperset of options, and the overlaying the arrangement of charactersare carried out for each new transaction with an input interface device.8. The computer-implemented method as claimed in claim 1, wherein theobtaining a superset of options obtains a different superset of optionsfor each new transaction with an input interface device.
 9. Thecomputer-implemented method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least oneof: the input display algorithm is a dynamic algorithm or theinitialization seed changes with each new transaction with the inputinterface device.
 10. The computer-implemented method as claimed inclaim 1, further comprising obtaining details of the input interface ofthe input interface device in order to determine a required arrangementfor presentation of the composite characters.
 11. Thecomputer-implemented method as claimed in claim 1, wherein thecharacters are in the form of numerical or alphanumerical characters.12. A computer system for secure passcode entry using a mobile devicehaving augmented reality capability, comprising: a memory; and aprocessing device in communication with the memory, wherein the computersystem is configured to perform a method, said method comprising:registering the mobile device with an authorization server to registeran agreed input display algorithm with an initialization seed andwherein a user passcode is registered with the authorization server;obtaining a superset of options from an input interface device at whichthe user passcode is to be entered; processing the superset of optionsusing the input display algorithm and initialization seed to result inan arrangement of characters including characters of the registered userpasscode; and overlaying the arrangement of characters using theaugmented reality capability of the mobile device in relation to aninput interface of the input interface device.
 13. The computer systemas claimed in claim 12, wherein the processing the superset of optionsincludes: extracting a subset of options from the superset of options;merging characters corresponding to the subset of options to form a setof composite characters, wherein the set of composite charactersincludes the characters of the registered user passcode; and orderingthe composite characters in an arrangement for presentation to a user.14. The computer system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the processingthe superset of options includes: extracting a subset of options fromthe superset of options, wherein an option corresponds to a characterand wherein the subset includes the characters of the registered userpasscode; and ordering the characters in an arrangement for presentationto a user.
 15. The computer system as claimed in claim 12, wherein theobtaining the superset of options, the processing the superset ofoptions, and the overlaying the arrangement of characters are carriedout for each new transaction with an input interface device.
 16. Acomputer program product for secure passcode entry using a mobile devicehaving augmented reality capability, comprising: a computer readablestorage medium readable by a processing circuit and storing instructionsfor execution by the processing circuit for performing a methodcomprising: registering the mobile device with an authorization serverto register an agreed input display algorithm with an initializationseed and wherein a user passcode is registered with the authorizationserver; obtaining a superset of options from an input interface deviceat which the user passcode is to be entered; processing the superset ofoptions using the input display algorithm and initialization seed toresult in an arrangement of characters including characters of theregistered user passcode; and overlaying the arrangement of charactersusing the augmented reality capability of the mobile device in relationto an input interface of the input interface device.
 17. The computerprogram product as claimed in claim 16, wherein the processing thesuperset of options includes: extracting a subset of options from thesuperset of options; merging characters corresponding to the subset ofoptions to form a set of composite characters, wherein the set ofcomposite characters includes the characters of the registered userpasscode; and ordering the composite characters in an arrangement forpresentation to a user.
 18. The computer program product as claimed inclaim 16, wherein the processing the superset of options includes:extracting a subset of options from the superset of options, wherein anoption corresponds to a character and wherein the subset includes thecharacters of the registered user passcode; and ordering the charactersin an arrangement for presentation to a user.
 19. The computer programproduct as claimed in claim 16, wherein the obtaining the superset ofoptions, the processing the superset of options, and the overlaying thearrangement of characters are carried out for each new transaction withan input interface device.
 20. The computer program product as claimedin claim 16, wherein at least one of: the input display algorithm is adynamic algorithm or the initialization seed changes with each newtransaction with the input interface device.